Alexandra Dolgošová - THE SIDE EFFECTS OF CHINA’S 2009 FISCAL STIMULUS (Vedľajšie efekty fiškálneho stimulu v Číne v roku 2009)
Abstract: The aim of this report is to critically analyse the costs and benefits of China’s fiscal stimulus package and recommend long-term policy solutions. China was one of the first countries to emerge from the Global Financial Crisis thanks to its strictly investment focused $586 billion stimulus package. As a result, local governments have been left with excessive accumulated debt. The report concludes that China needs to abandon its unlimited assistance guarantee that makes local governments and firms prone to moral hazard. Secondly, economic performance incentives for local government officials tend to result in the officials meeting their targets while leaving debt behind and disposing of agricultural land. Third, PPPs could be the solution to the problem of high demand for infrastructure and shortage of funding once efficiency in investment is improved.
Keywords: China, global recession, fiscal stimulus, local government debt, local government fiscal resources, moral hazard, foreign direct investment
JEL: H 74, O 53, P 35
str./pp. 279-291
Anna Iwacewicz-Orłowska - THE GINI COEFFICIENT IN POLAND IN THE DIVISION ACCORDING TO CHOSEN FEATURES IN 2007 – 2013 WITH REFERENCE TO THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC (Giniho koeficient v Poľsku v rozdelení podľa vybraných znakov v rokoch 2007-2013 vo vzťahu k Slovenskej republike)
Abstract: The main aim of this article was to analyse the disposable net income inequalities that are measured using the Gini coefficient index. The Gini coefficient is internal diversified. For the purpose of this research, four following features of households were chosen: socio-economic groups, classes of the town, the numbers of people in the household, and regions in which analysed households are located. The analysis compares Poland and Slovakia in the years 2007–2013.
Keywords: disposable income, income inequality, Gini coefficient, household, socio-economic groups.
JEL: D 63, I 30
str./pp. 292-303
Alexandra Veselková - Vieroslava Holková - SELECTED SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF INCOME INEQUALITY IN THE THE VISEGRAD GROUP COUNTRIES (Vybrané socio-ekonomické aspekty príjmovej nerovnosti v krajinách Višegrádskej skupiny)
Abstract: Importance of the issue of income inequality lies in the interdependence with serious economic and social processes in the world in the past two decades. The paper highlights the importance of studying and evaluating income inequality that are perceived as the most striking forms of inequality in society. It emphasizes the links among income inequality with serious current socio-economic processes. The aim of this paper is to create a view of the formation of income inequality in the countries of the Visegrad Group (V4) in the years 2005 – 2013 and to identify possible links among the economic crisis since 2008, or 2007, and its impact on selected socio-economic indicators. In relation to the objectives, they are therefore subject to review by selected socio-economic aspects of income inequality. The starting-point and the comparative parameters of empirical research problems is a database of EU SILC, which is used for the analysis of income inequality and poverty in the V4 countries.
Keywords: income inequality, the Gini coefficient, index quintile S80 / S20, the poverty rate, material deprivation
JEL: D 31, D 33
str./pp. 304-313
Natália Matkovčíková - IMPLEMENTATION OF EUOSH STANDARDS IN COMPANIES OPERATING IN SLOVAKIA (Implementácia noriem BOZP EÚ do podnikov pôsobiacich v SR)
Abstract: The European Union has been dealing with issues related to the occupational safety and health (OSH), which results mainly from the high and everincreasing costs of the impacts and conse-quences of failure to OSH standards in the workforce and also the diversity of norms and rules in the European Economic Area which are valid in the field of OSH because of the different approaches of EU Member States on health and safety, or to enshrine them in the basic instruments and provisions. This state of OSH recently provoked the EU to draft basic documents aimed at unifying and adapting generally binding standards for occupational health and safety for businesses operating in the Economic Area of the European Union, mainly relating to the businesses in particular EU Member States. Also companies doing business in the SR are obliged to implement binding EU standards in the field of occupational health and safety have. This contribution describes and characterizes the basis for setting standards in the field of occupational health and safety the European Union, which are binding for Member States and companies operating in the EU labour market and companies doing business in Slovakia. The paper pays attention to the implementation of the binding standards of EU OSH in the basic documents of companies operating in Slovakia. The present paper mediates the results of a survey on the implementation of adopted EU standards in the field of occupational health and safety in companies operating in Slovakia, which was conducted in 2013–2014. The paper is the output of solutions of grant tasks under VEGA project No.1/0662/15 – ‟Economic-social tools as a factor for job creation in companies”.
Keywords: occupational safety and health, OSH standards of the EU, implementation of the EUOSH standards, enterprises in the SR
JEL: M 5, M 12, O 15
str./pp. 314-322
Ladislav Průša - VÝZNAM STAROBNÍCH DŮCHODŮ PŘI ZABEZPEČENÍ POTŘEB SENIORŮ V ZÁVISLOSTI NA MÍŘE JEJICH SOBĚSTAČNOSTI V ČR (Importance of retirement pensions in securing seniors needs in terms of their rate of self-sufficiency in the Czech Republic)
Abstract: The ageing of population requires to devote attention to the material security of seniors. The aim of this paper is to characterize the basic theoretical approaches to the retirement pensions and to assess the importance in securing the needs of seniors in the Czech Republic. Based on the evaluation of data from household budget surveys, attention is paid to the financial possibilities for securing the needs of seniors in the area of social services. One of the expressions of ageing is a growing need for social services as a reset of seniors’ worsening health. Funds spent for the payment of the care benefit are not effectively utilised, which is going to require to find new solutions to an significant increase in the efficiency of social services financing in future years.
Keywords: retirement pension, seniors needs, household budget survey, social services, care benefit
JEL: F 68, H 55, I 38
str./pp. 323-338
Miroslava Szarková - KĽÚČOVÉ MANAŽÉRSKE KOMPETENCIE V PERSONÁLNOM MARKETINGU (Key managerial competences in personnel marketing)
Abstract: Nowadays, increased attention is paid to the area of key competences in personnel marketing not only within the management theory, but also in personnel management theory. One of the important research subjects is the analysis of the structure of key competences in personnel marketing, as well as their definition and description in relation to the main manager competences in personnel marketing. The paper aims at the analysis and description of key competences in personnel marketing and points out their importance within the implementation of personnel strategy and personnel policy. The paper also discusses the impacts that arise in the process of implementing personnel policy that result from inadequate application or non-application of key competences in c orporate personnel marketing.
Keywords: competence, key competence, personnel marketing, personnel policy, personnel strategy
JEL: M 5, M 12
str./pp. 339-349
Vladimír Choluj - SYSTÉMOVÁ POVAHA HOSPODÁRSTVA A JEJ POZNÁVANIE (Systemicity of the economy and its cognition)
Abstract: Systemicity is a typical feature of the economy. Its cognition is not perfect. Traditionally, it draws attention to economic factors, effects, and their connections. The idea of systemicity has not been consistently refl ected in the economic theory. The limitation of an explicit system of the economy and its unified hierarchical picture is missing. Systematism in cognition of the economy starts with its delimitation and the definite of its external connections – with culture and nature. It continues in its hierarchical structure, in the real economy and the formal economy. It rounds off in the cognition of economic reproductive activity and hierarchy of economic tasks, such as basic system units of the economic dynamism.
Keywords: economy and economics, limitation of the economy, external economic connections, structure of the economy, economic activity, economic tasks
JEL: A 1, E 00
str./pp. 350-370
Marián Goga - NIEKTORÉ PROBLÉMY MODELOVANIA AKTUALIZÁCIE A STABILITY ŠTRUKTÚRNYCH KOEFICIENTOV (Some problems of modelling the update and stability of structural coefficients)
Abstract: The modelling approach, which is discussed by the author, belongs to the group of formal methods used to analyse the stability and update of structural coefficients using mathematical and statistical apparatus. Except for the empirical analysis and extrapolation of methods of estimating the development of stability and update of the structural coefficients, the author focuses on the possibility of using RAS method that can generate exact estimates of the structural coefficients from input-output tables. This method is more effective compared with other methods and can actually reduce costs of frequent surveys of statistical information. The accuracy of the RAS method is sensitive to the creative strategies used by economic analysts in addressing major structural changes in the economy.
Keywords: cross-sectoral structure fl ows, input-output table, development of structural coefficients, empirical and extrapolation methods, updating structural coefficients, RAS method
JEL: C 49, C 67
str./pp. 371-381
Zuzana Juhászová - Ján Užík - ÚČTOVNÍCTVO AKO SÚČASŤ EKONOMICKÝCH VIED (Accounting as a component of economic sciences)
Abstract: Accounting is regarded as the most sophisticated system that records, processes and provides information about the company or other entity. The causes whether or not it is possible to consider accounting for the branch of science or if it is a practical everyday routine can be discussed, argued or analysed from several aspects. We can search for arguments or counterarguments. The paper focuses not only on defining the basic concepts and facts that make science a science, pointing out the factors that support the statement that accounting can be considered one of important economic scientific disciplines, but also to indicate the areas of economic and social life in which the concepts of the accounting are commonly used, however, not always in the right sense.
Keywords: accounting, science, science theory, scientific disciplines, economics, study programme
JEL: M 40, M 41, A 10, C 67
str./pp. 382-387
Eva Romančíková - PRIESTOR NA VYUŽITIE ALTERNATÍVNYCH FORIEM FINANCOVANIA ENVIRONMENTÁLNYCH PROJEKTOV (Space for the application of alternative forms of funding environmental projects)
Abstract: The funding of environmental projects is characteristic of a number of specific features, among which a dominating fact is that their implementation is in most cases costly, i.e. it requires considerable funding, and their rate of return is longer, compared with other long-term investments. The aim of this paper is to show the room for the models of public – private partnerships for funding environmental projects following the deficit in public funding and public sources. The paper characterises selected models of public – private partnership with reference to their differences in relation to the public procurement and with emphasis on the risk management and the diversity of payment mechanisms.
Keywords: public – private partnerships, public procurement, risks in models of public – private partnership, selected models of public – private partnership, payment mechanism
JEL: Q 50, Q 56
str./pp. 388-398
Richard Melišek - PROGRAM KVANTITATÍVNEHO UVOĽŇOVANIA EURÓPSKEJ CEN-TRÁLNEJ BANKY, JEHO POTENCIÁLNY DOSAH NA HOSPODÁRSKU A SOCIÁLNU POLITIKU KRAJÍN EUROZÓNY (Programme of European Central Bank´s quantitative easing and its potential impacts on economic and social policy of Eurozone countries)
Abstract: Quantitative easing is a non-standard form of monetary policy. From the beginning of this year, the European Central Bank has also decided to implement it. The European Central Bank (ECB) is searching for a solution to promote economic growth in the Eurozone, which is stagnating, in order to reduce the high debt of the member states and work towards more fl exible labour markets. In this respect, ECB implements the programme of quantitative easing. Within this programme, it intends to issue additional euros and to purchase governmental bonds of the Eurozone member states. Until September 2016 at the latest, the ECB wants to emit 60 billion new euros into the market each month, i.e. totalling over €1,1 trillion. It anticipates that by this measure it will be able to increase the infl ation which will in turn promote economic development in the Eurozone and would not only help to raise the prices but mainly increase economic growth. The article mentions the potential positives and negatives of the programme of quantitative easing. It also states its impact on the economy of Eurozone countries as well as several aspects that should be taken into account in its implementation.
Keywords: quantitative easing, economic growth, Eurozone, European Central Bank, infl ation, monetary policy, exchange rate, income inequality
JEL: E 52, E 58, E 63
str./pp. 399-409
